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The research results of Yinfeng Academy of Health Sciences on "stem cells promote the growth of new bone" have been published in foreign journals.

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2021-02-25 00:00

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Large segmental bone defect is a common clinical disease. Stem cells and bone tissue engineering are considered to be a promising method of bone regeneration. Recently, Shandong Yinfeng Institute of Life Sciences and the team of Shandong University have studied a biomimetic construction of bioactive three-dimensional osteoid tissue on a nanocellulose membrane platform for stem cell multi-lineage differentiation, which can significantly promote the rapid growth of new bone and the rapid formation of capillaries and nerve fibers.

The related results are published in "Advanced Healthcare Materials" (IF=7.367,JCR I area) under the title "Nanocellulose-ReinforcedHydroxyapatite Nanobelt Membrane as a Stem Cell Multi-Lineage DifferentiationPlatform for Biomimetic Construction of Bioactive 3D Osteoid Tissue In Vitro".

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Schematic diagram of multi-differentiation platform for bone regeneration

Large segmental bone defect is a common clinical disease, especially the treatment of severe bone defect with multiple tissue injury (vascular and peripheral nerve injury) is still a great challenge, which often leads to nonunion and other sequelae, even leading to lifelong disability. As one of the most promising methods of bone regeneration, stem cells and bone tissue engineering have attracted wide attention.

"Most of the previous studies related to bone tissue engineering scaffolds have focused on the differentiation of osteoblasts, and great progress has been made," said Wei Benjie, the team leader of the project. In fact, bone regeneration involves not only bone formation. Other parts, such as blood vessels and nerves, are also involved to ensure bone function.

In the process of bone repair, if there is no new blood and nerve formation in the new bone, the regeneration of bone defect will fail, resulting in a poor prognosis. Therefore, bone tissue engineering for clinical treatment of bone defects should consider the formation of all important parts of bone, in which bone, blood vessels and nerves are particularly important. Because it is difficult to achieve co-culture or multi-lineage differentiation of different cells in the same scaffold or system, there are few studies on the co-regeneration of osteoblasts, vascular cells and neurons. Therefore, the development of a stem cell multi-lineage differentiation platform for bionic construction of bioactive three-dimensional osteoid tissue for bone regeneration is still an urgent problem to be solved.

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Reconstruction of osteoid tissue in vitro

It is reported that in this paper, a kind of nano-cellulose enhanced hybrid membrane with high mechanical properties and biodegradability was synthesized by assembling ultra-long hydroxyapatite nanoribbons in nano-cellulose hydrogel, which realized the co-differentiation and regeneration of stem cells in osteoblasts and nerve cells and vascular endothelial cells. Taking advantage of this multi-directional differentiation characteristic of biomimetic hybrid membrane, 3D bone-like tissue with bioactivity was simulated and constructed in vitro by the methods of superposition, culture and integration.

The results of 8-week ectopic and in situ osteogenesis experiments showed that the osteoid tissue constructed in vitro significantly promoted the rapid growth of newborn bone and the rapid formation of capillaries and nerve fibers, which proved that the osteoid tissue had a strong ability of bone regeneration. This study shows that hybrid membrane is widely used as a platform for multi-line differentiation of stem cells and has a broad application prospect in bone tissue engineering.

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